DEFENSE DEPARTMENT CIO JOHN SHERMAN: Good morning. I am John Sherman, the Division of Protection chief info officer, and I am joined by my colleague, Dr. Craig Martell, the brand new chief digital and AI officer, or CDAO right here on the Division of Protection. We’re honored to be talking with you at this time, and we’ll have a fireplace chat to speak about how CIO and CDAO are going to work collectively as CDAO will get rolling right here.
And simply to set this up right here, CDAO has been established to create resolution benefit for the division from the board room to the battlefield, bringing collectively the very best of what we are able to do in AI and ML, information and digital companies to get after the important thing choices that Secretary Austin, Deputy Secretary Hicks, our combatant commanders and our battlefield leaders will want to have the ability to keep forward of our pacing problem and some other challenges we’ve in entrance of us.
I am wanting ahead to speaking with you at this time, Dr. Martell, about how we’ll work collectively.
CHIEF CRAIG MARTELL: Thanks, Mr. Sherman. Respect being right here.
MR. SHERMAN: Okay, perhaps slightly bit about, simply briefly. Craig, I am actually , and I am positive the viewers is, as nicely, why did you are taking this job? I imply…
DR. MARTELL: I get that query loads.
MR. SHERMAN: …coming in from trade and coming right into a heavy raise right here.
DR. MARTELL: Yeah, I imply, the quick reply is the mission. The longer reply is the mission and the DepSec made it straightforward for me to do it. So , when there’s not plenty of of us which have a mix of DOD background and synthetic intelligence background in industrial stage, synthetic intelligence background. And so when the deputy secretary of protection calls you up and says, “Hey, would you tackle this position?” you need to suppose actually exhausting about why you would not do it.
And so I did that. I believed actually exhausting. “Properly, why would not I do that?” And a few of the causes had been, , it is a pay lower, for positive, coming from trade. However the mission is far stronger than that for me. We actually do must beat our pacing adversaries.
And so it is largely mission-driven, however I’ve younger youngsters. So I’ve an 11-year-old lady and a five-year-old boy, and I am now bicoastal with younger children. And so the flexibleness that the group has allowed for me to be digital as a lot as I can, to be right here every time I have to be. That was kind of the piece that made it doable for me.
MR. SHERMAN: And most of the people know this, however you had been, till very just lately, the top of machine studying at Lyft, appropriate?
DR. MARTELL: Appropriate, and earlier than that we ran centralized groups much like what we wish to get completed at CDAO, centralized groups that construct the infrastructure for all the oldsters constructing AI at Lyft, which is distributed throughout the entire firm. We even have a set of consultants much like the ADA groups we’ve right here that will dive in, do deep dives to essentially exhausting issues. And earlier than that, I ran machine studying for Dropbox.
MR. SHERMAN: Proper.
DR. MARTELL: Earlier than that, I did plenty of work on AI at LinkedIn, and a very long time in the past in a earlier life I used to be a professor on the Naval Postgraduate Faculty.
MR. SHERMAN: At NPS.
DR. MARTELL: Yeah.
MR. SHERMAN: So you’ve got actually completed machine studying at huge scale, and every thing that goes into that with the info, with the groups, with getting after one thing so giant and having the ability to convey that right here to DOD.
DR. MARTELL: I’ve. I’ve completed it at huge scale, and if you consider the variety of riders and drivers there are at any given second at Lyft and the way you need to match them collectively for the proper kind of automotive, the proper kind of vacation spot, the place would you like that driver to be after you drop the particular person off? So I’ve undoubtedly completed it at scale.
I’ve not completed it at scale with the bureaucratic resistance that I predict will likely be right here at DOD. In order you identified, it is like a videogame, and that is the following stage of the videogame. Welcome to AI at scale with forms, and that is the place we’re going now.
MR. SHERMAN: That’s undoubtedly a technique to have a look at it there.
DR. MARTELL: So, look John, I am actually grateful in your taking the helm right here as you went from IOC to FOC, proper? You realize, I knew I used to be going to take this job, I believe, again in January, however there have been plenty of issues I needed to iron out transitioning out of my different job, and I am so grateful you stepped in. You stored your day job…
MR. SHERMAN: Yup.
DR. MARTELL: …because the chief info officer for the DOD. I am actually curious to listen to your ideas about, what was it like going from [IOC] to FOC? What recommendation do you could have for me?
MR. SHERMAN: Yeah.
DR. MARTELL: Like, what did I miss that I must know?
MR. SHERMAN: Properly, I first wish to thank Deputy Secretary Hicks for her imaginative and prescient and management in driving the necessity to set up a CDAO, bringing collectively these features the place we had already had wind in our sails on AI/ML entrance, information, superior analytics with Advana, after which with digital companies, with DDS, and bringing that collectively right into a unified effort to maneuver us to the following stage. But it surely was her imaginative and prescient, her steering, her backing that enabled us to essentially get after this.
Additionally wish to give an enormous shout-out to Mr. Jim Mitre, who I believe we’ll be seeing right here later, very shortly. Jim, a very long time DOD official was out within the personal sector got here again in for some time to assist us get this arrange, and there was plenty of pick-and-shovel work along with the large muscle motion of bringing organizations collectively. However how do you stand one thing like this up? And I wish to thank Jim.
However one other key half is the leaders within the constituent organizations that now comprise CDAO. Your workforce, Craig, have actually leaned in, have actually thought broadly about, how can we get extra out of the place we have to go together with this? And in order that made my job because the performing CDAO, for a time, simpler to work with such shiny minds, such nice leaders, and the workforce coming collectively. And as we stated, we had been constructing the aircraft as we had been flying it.
Ukraine has been occurring. We have had real-world operational must get after, in addition to different issues that do not fairly get the protection maybe, however on issues like enterprise analytics; issues like counter unmanned aerial programs, or un-crewed aerial programs, UAS; issues like technique; issues like information governance, which, as , is such a foundational exercise.
DR. MARTELL: Completely.
MR. SHERMAN: By way of additionally key leaders, I wish to Ms. Margie Palmieri a shout-out. She’s going to be your, not solely, wing particular person but in addition, I believe, a shepherd right here. She’s so seasoned right here within the division, coming over from the Vice CNO’s employees. She’s been the deputy CDAO now for a pair months, now. And I believe she’s going to proceed to be a key asset for you.
The opposite factor I have been privileged to do, Craig, is speak about CDAO, the promise of what this new group is doing and can do at locations like NATO, as just lately as two weeks in the past. A few of our allies are contemplating CDAO-like efforts, and in addition speaking to the media and others about what we’re doing and the place we’ll be taking this. However I’ve bought to inform you, the joy, Craig, about you coming in right here to essentially put the afterburners on right here is the sense I am getting from everyone.
On the recommendation, I might simply say we have an incredible workforce. They’re wanting ahead to working with you, to you setting a North Star right here. And I believe all the division is as nicely. And I believe you’ve got bought a keen workforce able to work with you right here, sir.
DR. MARTELL: Yeah, that is precisely what I, I’ve solely been right here three days, proper? And so I’ve formally been right here three days. And it has been a fireplace hose. However other than being actually overwhelming, it has been extraordinarily thrilling.
Specifically, I’ve seen all these items that you simply stated, the willingness, the good management. The constituent groups that make up CDAO have actually nice missions. They’re delivering; they’re executing; they’re bringing actual worth to the DOD.
I believe the worth that I would love our org to convey on prime of that’s precisely what you stated. What is the North Star, specifically with respect to balancing tactical and strategic, proper? We are able to have a bunch of tactical wins, and we are able to win towards our pacing adversaries at this time, however we have to win 10 years now, too.
MR. SHERMAN: Proper.
DR. MARTELL: We have to win 5 years from now. We have to win three years from now. So we have to be spending plenty of time enthusiastic about how can we steadiness these two?
So, once we deploy; once we do one thing like ADA or with the Ukraine, how can we then guarantee that the structure we use at this time goes to serve us tomorrow? How can we guarantee that the AI that we construct at this time is utilizing a basis that is going to make us even higher 5 years from now?
MR. SHERMAN: Proper.
DR. MARTELL: So these are the, I believe, the robust issues we want to consider.
MR. SHERMAN: And perhaps earlier than we get to the following query, the opposite factor I might add in right here, too, and perhaps simply addressing this up entrance, I do know we have gotten questions concerning the institutional heritage of a few of the constituent organizations. They usually have made nice impacts, the Joint AI Middle …
DR. MARTELL: Completely.
MR. SHERMAN: The CDO, Protection Digital Companies and Advana workforce. And I do know being in a navy group right here, the place we’ve navy models with such key heritages, once they come collectively or there’s some reorganization, there’s at all times ideas, are we, sort of, quote, “pacing the colours,” because it had been, or bringing collectively? However I might say actually the synergies we’ll get collectively out of this, and the place we respect that which got here earlier than, and the efforts over the previous few years, however the understanding — and your expertise in trade will definitely inform this — our pacing problem in Beijing, different issues in Moscow and elsewhere, they are not standing nonetheless, by way of how they’re transferring out on AI and we mustn’t be too heritage-focused by way of, “Properly, this organizational title or no matter,” and I believe the workforce is able to lean in on this. So whereas we respect which got here earlier than, we’re additionally going to create new right here. I believe you’d agree with that.
DR. MARTELL: I utterly agree. However we’re doing to try this with out, it is not scorched-earth.
MR. SHERMAN: Proper.
DR. MARTELL: We will discover the issues which were working and we’re going to take from this group, a selected group, and we’ll take that cultural heritage and unfold it out over all of CDAO.
MR. SHERMAN: I believe that is a spot-on level. Properly, that, sort of, results in the following query, Craig. So you’ve got been right here three days, hitting the treadmill working right here. And also you talked about this slightly bit, however slightly bit extra in your impressions right here, each, sort of, within the tactical stage of getting within the door right here to being in DOD?
You have taught at NPS. You are a professor there, however now, right here within the constructing, sort of, what are your impressions of all this?
DR. MARTELL: So let me say actually that the forms is actual, I’ve seen that in three days. I have been right here three days. I nonetheless haven’t got a CAC card, for instance. So I nonetheless have to attend in line on the guests’ entrance. And in order that’s actual, and it is also, as I used to be watching the symposium, there’s been plenty of feedback, or feedback on LinkedIn, about press about CDAO, that can say issues like, “Properly, simply wait till he hits the forms,” , “He’ll be out the door yelling, out the door screaming like people have been, of late.”
And my angle is barely totally different. We’re not going to vary the forms of the entire. That is not a problem I wish to put earlier than the workforce. We have to discover the proper gaps, the proper locations the place we are able to leverage worth. After which that worth goes to drive a virtuous cycle of change. And, , plenty of of us suppose that DOD ought to be extra like trade. A few of that’s true. There’s plenty of issues concerning the DOD that may’t be extra like trade. And we should not attempt to drive that sq. peg in a spherical gap, proper? We have to learn the way to maintain it the DOD but in addition make it extra environment friendly and work higher.
MR. SHERMAN: You realize, if I can, to riff off one in every of your factors concerning the CAC card and, , we discuss loads about consumer expertise. And that was one space in CIO, we’ll be working intently with you on. And we have heard loud and clear the “Repair our computer systems” narrative that is been on the market for just a few months. I used to be simply speaking in Huntsville yesterday at a SAP IT convention, and this resonates in an enormous method with us, that, , I take into consideration the airmen down at Tinker Air Power Base. She’s attempting to get her upkeep report prepared…
DR. MARTELL: That is proper.
MR. SHERMAN: … and sees the spinning wheel occurring and, , wonders, she’s doing upkeep on a tanker plane and questioning how we’ll beat our pacing problem if we won’t get the IT up. I would like, and I do know you’re feeling the identical method, and also you created, working in trade, constructive consumer expertise. And that is one thing we take to coronary heart. So your current data of this coming proper into the constructing right here, I believe, will inform this nicely.
DR. MARTELL: I am in whole settlement. One of many explicit areas that I am enthusiastic about is ADA.
MR. SHERMAN: Yeah.
DR. MARTELL: So Synthetic Intelligence and Knowledge Accelerator. And I do know that you have had an enormous a part of serving to to get that the place it’s at this time. So I would like to know slightly bit extra about it.
MR. SHERMAN: Positive.
DR. MARTELL: And the place do you suppose it is going, and its successes?
MR. SHERMAN: Completely. So the ADA initiative, which I do know, Craig, will likely be one in every of your flagship actions as nicely, began fairly numerous months in the past, and once more, with Deputy Secretary Hicks’ full backing, and dealing with the combatant commanders throughout the COCOMS. With the ability to get out to the assorted areas, be it Honolulu, Colorado Springs, Miami, Stuttgart, you title it, to have the ability to get into the COCOM house with AI information and visible service consultants to essentially see what the issues are for the respective combatant commanders and what they want to have the ability to get after and unlock their information, take into consideration what kind of AI and ML capabilities would assist them get forward of their explicit downside units, which is able to admittedly fluctuate, whether or not it is the pacing problem within the Indo-Pacific area, whether or not it is Ukraine, for EUCOM and Normal Wolters, or whether or not it is transnational legal organizations that SOUTHCOM is working with accomplice nations on. And the important thing factor I’ve actually been impressed with, Craig, and I do know you can be too, as you actually get settled in right here, is the work that is already underway. We have talked a bit within the media concerning the logistic help for the circulation of weapons and so forth…
DR. MARTELL: Proper, proper, proper.
MR. SHERMAN: …into EUCOM AOR to help the Ukraine scenario and actually seeing how, for instance, Advana working along with the info of us and we have AI consultants working this, after which DES coming in there to have the ability to take a look at, for instance, a registry, (inaudible) on issues which might be wanted for Ukraine wants each for several types of help, deadly/nonlethal. That is the place the true rubber’s assembly the street. I believe there’s extra work to do, however ADA goes to be a flagship achievement right here.
DR. MARTELL: So now I believe you identified a very good level, which is I did not know what to anticipate with respect to the variety of initiatives which might be really…
MR. SHERMAN: Yeah.
DR. MARTELL: …in play and being efficient, and I’ve really been actually impressed by the variety of issues that the workforce is doing.
MR. SHERMAN: Yeah, and ADA is one which’s persevering with to evolve. I believe there’s a lot alternative to proceed to flesh this out, and I believe one factor it is possible for you to do, and Margie and the workforce, would be the floor up sure developments, sure enterprise-level actions and wishes that can transcend the instructions to have the ability to, as you are enthusiastic about the following AI capabilities, working with the companies, working by the governance that you should have established now and that you’ll most likely wish to refine going ahead. However ADA goes to be such a key fulcrum for that.
DR. MARTELL: Yeah, I believe that is proper. I believe that is proper. So one of many causes I took the job is due to our early conversations.
MR. SHERMAN: Yup.
DR. MARTELL: And it was actually clear to me that I’ll want full help of CIO to make CDAO profitable, and I am utterly assured that we’ll work collectively nice, however I would like to know your opinion about what’s the easiest way for us to go ahead as a workforce.
MR. SHERMAN: Properly, along with assembly and speaking continuously, as a result of once we first met, I bear in mind, you had been out in your interview with Dr. Hicks. She sat in my workplace and I stated, “Our groups are going to fulfill collectively repeatedly. We’ll cohost a company conferences.”
DR. MARTELL: I believe that must be the case, yeah.
MR. SHERMAN: It will be the case. So extra functionally, what we’ll be doing, plenty of what we’re doing proper now with digital modernization will immediately empower the CDAO. What we’re doing, for instance, with any foundational infrastructure, issues like transport, the Protection Data System Businesses, DISA, that is deploying…
DR. MARTELL: Proper.
MR. SHERMAN: …and dealing with our service colleagues, getting that on the market. But additionally on the enterprise stage, what we’re doing with the Joint Warfighting Cloud Functionality, JWCC, multi-cloud, multivendor; all three safety classifications from CONUS out to the tactical edge.
DR. MARTELL: Find it irresistible.
MR. SHERMAN: Not just for compute workload storage, however to allow AI and machine studying throughout the combatant instructions, which will likely be important for Joint All Area Command and Management, JADC2, which you, I do know you should have a key position in.
Cybersecurity, as we safe our information and algorithms, our programs, we discuss loads about zero belief, a brand new philosophy there that assumes an adversary is already on our community. How can we micro-segment our networks so to stop that adversary from transferring laterally? And we’ll be working intently as we leverage AI to assist us get even higher as we make use of zero belief.
These are a few of the primary large issues, however there’s going to be innumerable different issues as we take a look at leveraging industrial SATCOM, as we take a look at different C3 areas, and as we work collectively simply to guarantee that CDAO has the easiest expertise to get after your mission units.
DR. MARTELL: So I used to be smiling by all of that as a result of, , that is one in every of my largest issues, is that if we’re doing vital AI on the edge, how can we get that information? How can we guarantee that information’s contemporary? How can we be certain it is high quality? So these are precisely the sort of issues that CDAO goes to want. Specifically, I kind of see us as a automotive that is driving on the street that you simply’re constructing…
MR. SHERMAN: Yup.
DR. MARTELL: …that you simply’re constructing for us. And so this relationship’s going to be extraordinarily sturdy. As well as, I like that you simply’re leveraging the connection with trade, as a result of it does not make any sense for us to construct issues that we should not be constructing right here. If trade’s bought an answer, that is the answer that we must always use. One of many issues that I would like us to spend so much of time enthusiastic about although, John, is how can we not simply go to the large gamers? How can we make it straightforward? How can we create a market for startups, for medium-size, for small companies? As a result of significantly within the AI house and I am positive in lots of different areas as nicely, there’s plenty of innovation taking place in two-person outlets or five-person outlets. You realize, mind with a good suggestion, we would like to have the ability to leverage all of that.
So after I begin hitting a few of these roadblocks, I’ll be coming to you for recommendation on how one can get previous these.
MR. SHERMAN: And, we welcome that, Craig, since you’ve bought such current expertise in a really giant firm that is highly-successful, but in addition your, over a few years, working with small, and medium-sized companies. As we work with Dr. Invoice LaPlante, the undersecretary for acquisition and sustainment, Ms. Heidi Shyu, the undersecretary for analysis and engineering.
DR. MARTELL: Proper.
MR. SHERMAN: And I’ve bought to inform you, Deputy Secretary Hicks has been such an advocate for this as we do higher on this house. And one different space we’ll have an overlap there as we take a look at cybersecurity for the Protection Industrial Base too, not creating undue burdens on the small and medium companies.
DR. MARTELL: That is proper, yeah. That is proper.
MR. SHERMAN: That is a complete different space there that additionally impacts how they’re in a position to work and supply contributions. We had been speaking earlier than this about how we actually see U.S. trade as our secret sauce, our particular benefit right here in the US that offers us a leg up on authoritarian governments and others who we could need to face down in some unspecified time in the future. And your data on how one can actually converse trade and never come at it as a authorities particular person would, goes to be important, Craig.
DR. MARTELL: Properly, I will completely do my finest, John, I promise. One of many issues that I’ve seen is that we’re beginning to consider an vital piece of this puzzle, which is the expertise pipeline.
MR. SHERMAN: Yeah.
DR. MARTELL: And so I would like to know your ideas on the methods to get nice expertise in. I imply, we won’t pay what trade pays.
MR. SHERMAN: Yup.
DR. MARTELL: However we’ve a mission that individuals are going to get behind, and so I would like to understand how you’ve got been navigating that.
MR. SHERMAN: So, and that is such a precedence for us. The expertise is vital, however as you’ve got famous so typically, it truly is the men and women who…
DR. MARTELL: That is proper.
MR. SHERMAN: …comprise our workforce. We have now to suppose in a different way about this by way of, the 30-year profession in authorities most likely will not be the way in which forward on this. However as you’ve got famous in different venues, the mission right here within the Division of Protection, doing our nationwide safety is so vital. It is to not say you’ll be able to’t do related issues in trade, however to have the ability to get the mission expertise supporting our service members, the division is exclusive with that. However we have to have a method the place individuals can come and go between DOD and trade in a method that has been perhaps not as straightforward because it has been, after which perhaps coming again to authorities after some variety of years in trade the place an individual like your self, , who’s taught at NPS, completed issues in trade, and now is available in in a really senior government position. We have now to have personnel and different programs that permit safety and every thing that permit for that as a result of we have to do that, as a result of we attempt to follow a twentieth century kind of hiring and upscaling and retention mannequin. We’re not going to have the ability to compete with the nations we have to, however what are your ideas on that, Craig?
DR. MARTELL: Properly, you talked about upscaling. I believe a chunk we actually want to consider is to make somebody’s time in authorities helpful to their time in trade.
MR. SHERMAN: Yeah.
DR. MARTELL: So once they come to authorities, we’ve to provide them the proper expertise. We have now to provide them the proper expertise in order that once they’re completed, Silicon Valley or trade typically is keen to seize them, proper? I am not fairly positive now that after I go away authorities, individuals aren’t going to say, “Oh, you’ve got been in authorities too lengthy, and you are going to be stale, and you are not going to be on the innovative.”
We wish to create an atmosphere the place individuals who come to work for us, once they’re completed, many doorways have opened for them to get again to trade.
MR. SHERMAN: That is an amazing level. And one of many issues we have been engaged on at CIO and with our colleagues and personnel in readiness, and I wish to accomplice intently with you, goes to be a brand new digital workforce technique.
DR. MARTELL: Yeah.
MR. SHERMAN: And it began as a cyber technique final yr, however actually getting at these points, how do we expect in a different way about this; how can we leverage the authorities that we have already got at our disposal, that Congress has already given us, to essentially hit the accelerator on that? However then how can we do issues like enhance range, recruit in several areas, suppose actually exhausting about academic baselines? Are we excluding of us that might contribute right here? After which suppose broadly once more about how there might be fungibility between authorities and trade, in a method. And the way do of us, as you’ve got famous, make themselves marketable in trade?
DR. MARTELL: That is proper.
MR. SHERMAN: I believe, and with our congressional overseers, with the manager department, with others that may have our backs on this, to have the ability to be aggressive in a twenty first Century atmosphere right here, and I believe significantly within the CDAO portfolio, to get after the expertise you could have and that you’ll want going ahead, this will likely be so important.
DR. MARTELL: I could not agree extra. I believe that, if we do that proper, we are able to really create a range pipeline for Silicon Valley, and they are going to be pounding down the door to get to that. So I believe this can be a actually key initiative that we have to look into.
MR. SHERMAN: Yeah, and so, completely, the individuals piece, there’s a lot we’ve to do on that. And I actually admire the partnership with you on that. Properly, I do know we’re about…
DR. MARTELL: About time, yeah.
MR. SHERMAN: …getting near time right here, I consider. However, Craig, I simply wish to thanks for coming into authorities service. I imply, this actually speaks to service in its purest type, I imply, to have somebody such as you are available from trade to ensure we’re postured, as you famous, not just for this yr however for the following 10 years.
DR. MARTELL: Yeah.
MR. SHERMAN: And workforce CIO and I are completely able to help and work with you. And after I say “workforce CIO,” it is not solely on the Workplace of Secretary of Protection stage. I work so intently with our navy division CIOs, who I actually contemplate key allies on this, the J Sixes, as they’re recognized all through, the protection businesses and discipline actions and the combatant instructions. That is gonna require a workforce of groups. And no matter we are able to do to assist leverage that neighborhood, already well-established and in lots of, in your areas, too, for the info officers and so forth, we look ahead to leaning in on that.
DR. MARTELL: Yeah, thanks a lot, John. The work that you have already arrange, and getting us from IOC to FOC, I imply, I could not have completed it, I could not have stepped into the position the way in which I’ve with out you. I admire that. For me, one of many issues I would like for us to be enthusiastic about fairly strongly is how can we persuade people to come back in from trade for a tour of obligation? That is going to be a tour of obligation for me.
MR. SHERMAN: Yeah.
DR. MARTELL: I am not going to be right here for 10 years, proper? I’ll be right here so long as it takes to guarantee that we’re sturdy and set for the longer term. However ultimately I will return to my household.
MR. SHERMAN: Proper.
DR. MARTELL: Proper? So I actually like this tour of obligation notion.
MR. SHERMAN: Yeah.
DR. MARTELL: It is really, kind of, permeating trade now. Individuals, they do a tour of obligation at an organization.
MR. SHERMAN: Yeah.
DR. MARTELL: We should always attempt to work actually exhausting to determine how we are able to have of us do excursions of obligation right here and make it actually helpful for them.
MR. SHERMAN: I believe that is an amazing level. And hopefully there are, in different disciplines, in different components of the place we’ve wants, of us are perhaps taking a look at you, going, “All proper, I can step up on this.”
DR. MARTELL: “I can do this, yeah.”
MR. SHERMAN: Whether or not it is popping out of expertise administration, whether or not it is popping out of different sectors…
DR. MARTELL: Product administration.
MR. SHERMAN: …Product administration. You realize, on that. And one different factor, whereas we’re on this right here, I do not know if they’re going to have an opportunity to see it, however I do wish to thank your loved ones, too. I do know there’s, any time somebody steps up like this, it is a household workforce effort right here…
DR. MARTELL: Yeah.
MR. SHERMAN: …in your partner, your youngsters. And so I simply wish to thank them, too. And, Craig, we’re blessed and fortunate to have you ever on workforce DOD right here.
DR. MARTELL: Thanks, John. I am honored to be right here. I am honored to have the place. Thanks. Thanks all.
MR. SHERMAN: Okay, nicely, I believe that is going to wrap up our hearth chat right here. I admire everyone tuning in at this time and look ahead to seeing everyone, as we get rolling right here on our continued modernization actions.
DR. MARTELL: Thanks all.
